[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/vyvoj-ditete\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/vyvoj-ditete\/","headline":"V\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte","name":"V\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte","description":"Co se t\u00fd\u010de v\u00fdvoje \u010dlov\u011bka, najdete celou \u0159adu d\u011blen\u00ed a tabulek. Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jsou etapy lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota podle n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho…","datePublished":"2017-04-30","dateModified":"2023-04-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4006af731f458a56e90e1a4ecbb37f08f11b51b80cb9267b6a6e5547922ff49d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4006af731f458a56e90e1a4ecbb37f08f11b51b80cb9267b6a6e5547922ff49d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"maruli.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a288485_w2043_t1498832099.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a288485_w2043_t1498832099.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/vyvoj-ditete\/","wordCount":357,"articleBody":"Co se t\u00fd\u010de v\u00fdvoje \u010dlov\u011bka, najdete celou \u0159adu d\u011blen\u00ed a tabulek. Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jsou etapy lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota podle n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho psychologa Erika Eriksona. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 obdob\u00ed rozv\u00edj\u00ed ur\u010ditou lidskou ctnost a jedinec pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd psychosoci\u00e1ln\u00ed konflikt. Projevuje se i v ur\u010dit\u00fdch vztaz\u00edch.\u00a0\tPoj\u010fme si je p\u0159edstavit1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0-2 roky, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost – nad\u011bje, konflikt – d\u016fv\u011bra versus ned\u016fv\u011bra (postar\u00e1 se o m\u011b matka?), z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vztahovou osobou jev tomto obdob\u00ed matka.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-4 roky,o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost – v\u016fle, konflikt – samostatnost versus stud (zvl\u00e1dnu se obl\u00e9ci?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou rodi\u010de3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4-5 let, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 c\u00edl, konflikt – iniciativa versus vina (d\u011bl\u00e1m to spr\u00e1vn\u011b?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami je rodina jako takov\u00e14.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6-12 let,o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 schopnost, konflikt – \u010dinorodost versus pasivita (jsem k n\u011b\u010demu), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou u\u010ditel\u00e9 a lid\u00e9 v okol\u00ed5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 13-19 let,o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 v\u011brnost, konflikt – sebeuv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed versus zmaten\u00ed rol\u00ed (hraju si na n\u011bkoho, k\u00fdm nejsem?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou vrstevn\u00edci a vzory6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20-39 let,o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 l\u00e1ska, konflikt – intimita versus izolace (jsem schopen l\u00e1sky?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou partne\u0159i a p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e97.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 40 \u2013 64 let, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 p\u00e9\u010de, konflikt rozvoj versus stagnace (mohu st\u00e1t za sv\u00fdmi rozhodnut\u00edmi?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou lid\u00e9 na pracovi\u0161ti a doma8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 65 a v\u00fd\u0161, o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 ctnost \u2013 moudrost, konflikt – vyrovnanost versus zoufalstv\u00ed (byl m\u016fj \u017eivot dobr\u00fd jak\u00fd byl?), z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi vztahov\u00fdmi postavami jsou nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 lidstvo jako takov\u00e9.Erikson pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejcitovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed psychology 20. stolet\u00ed. \u0158ad\u00edme ho mezi psychoanalytiky, proto j\u00edm popisovan\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze \u010dlov\u011bka jdou v\u00edce na hlubinu. V \u010cesku vy\u0161la jeho kniha \u017divotn\u00ed cyklus roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd a dokon\u010den\u00fd. Vydalo ji nakladatelstv\u00ed Port\u00e1l v roce 2015. Lze ji v\u0159ele doporu\u010dit.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"V\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte","item":"https:\/\/www.maruli.cz\/vyvoj-ditete\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]